/* Scoped IP artwork: shared CloseTag drawing language and existing lesson theme. */
.ct-ip-v09{--sb-screen:#fcf9ff;--sb-ink:#38234e;--sb-panel:#eee3fc;--sb-line:#d6c1ed;--sb-accent:#7850b3;--sb-muted:#72617f;--sb-strong:#56357e;--ct-scene-shadow:rgba(65,35,94,.12);max-width:none!important;width:100%!important;margin:24px 0!important;padding:24px!important;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:28px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--sb-screen),var(--sb-panel));box-shadow:0 3px 0 var(--sb-line);opacity:1!important;transform:none!important;animation:none!important;color:var(--sb-ink);font-family:Cairo,sans-serif;box-sizing:border-box}
html[data-ct-lesson-theme=dark] .ct-ip-v09{--sb-screen:#2a1c3d;--sb-ink:#f2e7ff;--sb-panel:#352449;--sb-line:#604777;--sb-accent:#c49bf6;--sb-muted:#c9b4da;--sb-strong:#d3b1ff;--ct-scene-shadow:rgba(9,3,19,.22)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-heading{display:block;margin:0 0 20px;text-align:start;direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-heading>span{font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:var(--sb-muted)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-heading h4{font:800 clamp(19px,2vw,26px)/1.65 Cairo,sans-serif;margin:6px 0 0!important;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.35fr) minmax(235px,.8fr);gap:24px;align-items:center;direction:ltr}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body>svg{width:100%;height:auto;min-width:0;filter:none!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet{min-width:0;direction:rtl;text-align:right;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:20px;background:var(--sb-screen);padding:18px;margin:0;font:650 16px/1.9 Cairo,sans-serif}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-heading{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:2px;padding-bottom:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--sb-line)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-heading b{color:var(--sb-accent);font-family:Consolas,monospace;font-size:20px}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-heading span,.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-address span,.ct-ip-v09 small{font-size:14px;color:var(--sb-muted)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-address{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:4px;padding-top:15px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-address bdi{display:block;text-align:right;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:isolate;font:700 21px/1.5 Consolas,monospace;letter-spacing:normal;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet p{margin:16px 0 6px;font:650 16px/1.9 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-v09 small{display:block;line-height:1.8}
.ct-lm-stats>.ct-ip-v09,.ct-lm-stats:has(>.ct-ip-v09)>:last-child{grid-column:1/-1}
.ct-ip-interface-map>svg{max-width:560px;margin:auto}
.ct-ip-interface-addresses{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:16px}
.ct-ip-interface-addresses>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;text-align:center;padding:20px;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:16px;background:var(--sb-screen)}
.ct-ip-interface-addresses bdi{font:700 21px/1.5 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace!important;letter-spacing:normal!important;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-interface-addresses b{font:700 17px/1.5 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-accent)}
.ct-ip-interface-addresses span{font:650 14px/1.7 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-muted)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-interface-note{font:650 17px/1.9 Cairo,sans-serif;text-align:center;margin:20px 0 0;color:var(--sb-ink);direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-v09 text[lang=en],.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-address bdi,.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-heading b{font-family:ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace!important;letter-spacing:normal!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-takeaway{display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 16px;padding-top:20px;margin-top:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--sb-line);font:700 16px/1.8 Cairo,sans-serif;direction:rtl}
@media(max-width:1100px){.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body>svg{max-width:560px;margin:auto}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet{width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}}
@media(max-width:600px){.ct-ip-v09{padding:16px!important;border-radius:22px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-heading h4{font-size:19px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body{gap:8px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet{padding:16px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-takeaway>span{display:none}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-takeaway{display:grid;text-align:center;font-size:15px}}
@media(max-width:600px){html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09){padding-inline:8px!important}.ct-ip-interface-addresses{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
.ct-ip-board>svg{display:block;width:100%!important;max-width:590px;height:auto!important;margin:10px auto 24px;overflow:visible;filter:none!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px;direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:16px;padding:20px;background:var(--sb-screen);text-align:start;min-width:0}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div:last-child:nth-child(odd){grid-column:1/-1}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts bdi{font:800 20px/1.65 Cairo,sans-serif!important;letter-spacing:normal!important;color:var(--sb-ink);unicode-bidi:plaintext;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts span{font:650 16px/1.85 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-muted)}
.ct-ip-v09 text{font-weight:800;letter-spacing:normal!important}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-v09 svg text[lang=en],
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-address bdi,
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-heading b{font-family:ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace!important;letter-spacing:normal!important;word-spacing:normal!important;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:isolate}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-lm-stats:has(>.ct-ip-v09){grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));align-items:stretch;gap:24px}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-lm-stats:has(>.ct-ip-v09)>:not(.ct-ip-v09){align-self:stretch;justify-content:center;padding:24px!important;text-align:center}
@media(max-width:600px){.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div{padding:16px}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts bdi{font-size:18px!important}}
@media(max-width:600px){html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-lm-stats:has(>.ct-ip-v09){grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}}

html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-lm-stats:has(>.ct-ip-v09)>:not(.ct-ip-v09){transform:none!important}
.ct-ip-nat-flows{display:grid;gap:20px;margin-top:22px;direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-nat-flows section{padding:20px;background:var(--sb-screen);border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:20px}
.ct-ip-nat-flows h5{font:800 19px/1.7 Cairo,sans-serif;margin:0 0 16px;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-nat-flows section>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px;direction:ltr}
.ct-ip-nat-flows p{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:9px;margin:0!important;min-width:0}
.ct-ip-nat-flows p>span{font:650 14px/1.7 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-muted);direction:rtl}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-nat-flows bdi{font:750 17px/1.7 ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace!important;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:isolate;color:var(--sb-ink);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
@media(max-width:1100px){.ct-ip-nat-flows section>div{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ct-ip-nat-flows section{padding:16px}}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>bdi{text-align:center}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span{text-align:center}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body:has(.ct-ip-packet-divided){grid-template-columns:1fr}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scene-body:has(.ct-ip-packet-divided)>svg{max-width:590px;margin:auto}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-divided{padding:0!important;border:0;background:transparent}
.ct-ip-packet-divided .ct-ip-packet-heading{text-align:center;border:0;margin-bottom:20px;padding:0}
.ct-ip-packet-units{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-units>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding:20px;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:18px;background:var(--sb-screen);min-width:0}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-units .ct-ip-address{align-items:center;text-align:center}
.ct-ip-packet-units .ct-ip-routing-note{grid-column:1/-1;display:grid;grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;gap:24px;align-items:center;direction:ltr}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-routing-note p{direction:rtl;text-align:start;margin:0!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-scope-note{border-top:1px solid var(--sb-line);padding:20px 0 0;margin-top:20px;font-size:15px!important;line-height:1.9}
@media(max-width:600px){.ct-ip-packet-units{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-packet-units>div{padding:16px}.ct-ip-packet-units .ct-ip-routing-note{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts bdi:dir(ltr){font-family:ui-monospace,Consolas,monospace!important;letter-spacing:normal!important}

@media(max-width:600px){.ct-ip-interface-addresses>div{padding:16px}}

/* Native qualifications remain verbatim, separated into readable semantic units. */
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09) .ct-note-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09) .ct-note-body>p{margin:0!important;padding:20px!important;border:1px solid var(--ct-border);border-radius:16px;background:var(--ct-white);text-align:start!important;font:650 16px/1.95 Cairo,sans-serif!important}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09) .ct-note-body>p:last-child:nth-child(odd){grid-column:1/-1}
@media(max-width:600px){html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09) .ct-note-body{grid-template-columns:1fr}html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage:has(.ct-ip-v09) .ct-note-body>p{padding:16px!important}}

/* NAT: three independent connections, each with its own illustrated route. */
.ct-ip-nat-flow{container-type:inline-size;container-name:ct-nat}
.ct-ip-route{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));direction:ltr}
.ct-ip-route>.ct-linked-step{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:14px;padding:20px 16px;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-top:4px solid var(--ct-step-color);border-radius:20px;background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--sb-screen),color-mix(in srgb,var(--sb-panel) 82%,var(--ct-step-color) 18%));text-align:center}
.ct-ip-route .ct-step-label{font:750 15px/1.8 Cairo,sans-serif;color:var(--sb-ink);direction:rtl;min-height:54px;display:grid;place-items:center}
.ct-ip-route bdi{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-direction:column;gap:12px;width:100%;text-align:center}
.ct-ip-route .ct-step-port{padding:12px 14px;border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:12px;background:var(--sb-screen);font-size:16px}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts.ct-step-workflow{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:56px;direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:24px;row-gap:10px;align-items:center;padding:20px;border-inline-start:4px solid var(--ct-step-color);background:linear-gradient(140deg,var(--sb-screen),var(--sb-panel))}
.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>.ct-fact-art{grid-column:1;grid-row:1 / span 2;margin:0!important;width:150px!important;height:112.5px!important}
.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>bdi{grid-column:2;align-self:end}
.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>span{grid-column:2;align-self:start}
.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>.ct-step-link{top:100%;inset-inline-end:calc(50% - 28px)}
.ct-linked-steps.ct-step-workflow[dir=rtl]>.ct-linked-step>.ct-step-link>svg{transform:rotate(90deg)}
.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step:last-child{border-style:dashed}
@container ct-nat (max-width:760px){
 .ct-ip-route{grid-template-columns:1fr}
 .ct-ip-route>.ct-linked-step>.ct-step-link{top:100%;inset-inline-end:calc(50% - 28px)}
 .ct-ip-route>.ct-linked-step>.ct-step-link>svg{transform:rotate(90deg)}
 .ct-ip-route .ct-step-label{min-height:0}
}
@media(max-width:600px){
 .ct-ip-nat-flows .ct-ip-nat-flow{padding:16px 0;background:none;border:0}
 .ct-ip-route>.ct-linked-step{padding:16px}
 .ct-ip-v09 .ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:14px;padding:16px}
 .ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>bdi,.ct-step-workflow>.ct-linked-step>span{align-self:center}
}

html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-route bdi>span{font:inherit!important;letter-spacing:normal!important;color:inherit}

/* Native notes: each qualification has its own semantic drawing and reading space. */
.ct-ip-notes{container-type:inline-size;container-name:ct-notes}
.ct-ip-v09:before,.ct-ip-notes:before{display:none}
.ct-ip-notes .ct-ip-notes-title{margin:0 0 26px!important;padding:0 0 18px!important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--sb-line);font:800 20px/1.8 Cairo,sans-serif!important;color:var(--sb-ink);text-align:start}
.ct-ip-note-spread{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:28px;direction:rtl}
.ct-ip-note-piece{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;gap:24px;min-width:0;padding:24px;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--sb-screen) 65%,transparent);border:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:24px}
.ct-ip-note-feature{grid-column:1/-1;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(210px,.9fr) minmax(0,1.3fr);gap:32px;align-items:center}
.ct-ip-note-feature{background:none;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--sb-line);border-radius:0;padding:0 0 28px}
.ct-ip-note-illustration{display:grid;place-items:center;min-width:0}
.ct-ip-notes .ct-ip-note-illustration>svg{display:block;width:100%!important;max-width:310px!important;height:auto!important;margin:0 auto!important;filter:none!important;overflow:visible}
.ct-ip-note-copy{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px;min-width:0}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-notes .ct-ip-note-copy>p{margin:0!important;padding:0!important;border:0;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;font:650 16px/1.95 Cairo,sans-serif!important;color:var(--sb-ink);text-align:start!important;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
html body.ct-lesson-page .ct-lm-stage .ct-ip-notes .ct-ip-note-copy>.ct-ip-note-condition{padding-inline-start:16px!important;border-inline-start:3px solid var(--sb-accent);color:var(--sb-muted)}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div,.ct-ip-interface-addresses>div{justify-content:center}
@container ct-notes (max-width:640px){
 .ct-ip-note-spread{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}
 .ct-ip-note-piece,.ct-ip-note-feature{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:24px;grid-column:1;padding:20px}
 .ct-ip-note-feature{padding:0 0 24px}
 .ct-ip-note-illustration{width:100%}
}
@media(max-width:600px){.ct-ip-note-piece{padding:16px}.ct-ip-note-feature{padding:0 0 24px}.ct-ip-notes .ct-ip-notes-title{font-size:18px!important}}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span p{margin:0 0 8px!important;font:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span p:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span ul,.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span ol{margin:6px 0 0!important;padding-inline-start:20px!important;text-align:start}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span li{margin-bottom:6px;text-align:start}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts>div>span bdi{font-size:inherit!important;font-weight:700!important;display:inline!important;color:var(--sb-ink)}
.ct-ip-v09 bdi[dir=ltr]{direction:ltr!important;unicode-bidi:isolate!important}
.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-facts a,.ct-ip-v09 .ct-ip-notes a{color:var(--sb-accent);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
.ct-ip-v09.ct-ip-subhead{padding:18px 24px!important;margin:18px 0!important;border-radius:20px}
.ct-ip-v09.ct-ip-subhead .ct-ip-scene-heading{margin:0}
.ct-ip-v09.ct-ip-subhead .ct-ip-scene-heading h4{font-size:clamp(18px,1.8vw,22px)}